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Israel–Palestine

Bar Kokhba Revolt

1 confirmed rewrite episode; the largest by persistence-weighted mass had a 87.7% durable-spine drop. Wording shifted a little.

Something to inspect — not a judgment of bias or bad faith.

Overview

Use this briefing to choose what to inspect. The tabs contain the underlying comparisons.

Open the live English Wikipedia article ↗
Confirmed rewrite episodes
1 confirmed

Largest by persistence-weighted mass: 87.7% durable-spine drop. See Rewrite for exact revision receipts.

Wording
wording shifted a little

Which words grew or shrank is listed under Vocabulary.

Footnotes
15 sites grew · 32 shrank

Different websites cited: 40 → 23. We do not rate those sites. See Citations.

Basic facts across languages
2 agree · 1 not enough

3 configured questions checked in more than one language. See Facts.

How openings sound
5 clear differences

Compared around the rewrite window. See Framing.

How this page turned up. Large deletions on Zionism pointed investigators here. This article was then checked on its own history — being on that trail does not, by itself, mean anything is wrong.

Did editors fight over it?

How much did editors fight over it?
little edit fighting

The page was not dominated by back-and-forth undoing. A quiet rewrite can still matter — it just means few people fought it on the page. About 2,428 recorded revisions in the measure.

Who wrote today’s text?

Half of the wording still on the page is about 0.9 years old or newer. 91.9% was written in the last 3 years. The ten most active accounts wrote 96.6% of what is there now (most of the current text comes from a small group of accounts; 156 different accounts overall). Snapshot data on this page runs through 2026-07-01.This is background only — a small group of writers is common on specialist pages.

Available evidence: Rewrite, Vocabulary, Citations, Framing, Facts, Versions.

1 confirmed rewrite episodeA bounded window in which established wording was substantially replaced.

Events bounded by stable revisions where long-lived wording was substantially replaced.

Snapshot corpus through 2026-07-01 (revision 1362729298).

Persistence-weighted changeThe share of wording lost, weighted so text that survived more snapshots counts more. by interval

Each row reports established wording lost, standing wording gained, and paired change as a replacement lead. The bar shows loss for continuity with earlier reports. Below-floor anomalies remain descriptive evidence but cannot receive exact confirmation. A coverage gap is shown descriptively but excluded from detector decisions. Candidate-window labels report the exact revision-level decision for the broader window containing that interval.

How the detector reached this state

  1. 1 · Coarse scanA snapshot comparison that finds candidate windows for closer inspection.Candidate signal foundThe coarse scan found a deletion-heavy window worth exact checking.
  2. 2 · Interval scoring43 intervals scoredThe bars below show persistence-weighted wording loss for each interval.
  3. 3 · Exact checkA revision-level test of whether a candidate window's durable spine collapsed.1 rewrite episode confirmedRevision-level checking found the required durable wording replacement.
  • 2005-07-01Loss 0.5%7 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2006-01-01Loss 4.8%152 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2006-07-01Loss 8.4%408 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2007-01-01Loss 2.2%148 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2007-07-01Loss 4.3%439 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2008-01-01Loss 0.8%116 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2008-07-01Loss 5.6%983 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2009-01-01Loss 2.5%526 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2009-07-01Loss 0.6%146 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2010-01-01Loss 1.0%281 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2010-07-01Loss 2.5%840 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2011-01-01Loss 3.8%1,443 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2011-07-01Loss 3.9%1,607 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2012-01-01Loss 2.6%1,207 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2012-07-01Loss 3.4%1,700 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2013-01-01Loss 2.2%1,175 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2013-07-01Loss 4.1%2,416 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2014-01-01Loss 13.0%8,052 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2014-07-01Loss 11.1%6,719 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2015-01-01Loss 2.1%1,297 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2015-07-01Loss 0.8%571 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2016-01-01Loss 5.0%4,053 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2016-07-01Loss 0.9%831 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2017-01-01Loss 2.7%2,809 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2017-07-01Loss 0.4%434 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2018-01-01Loss 1.4%1,754 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2018-07-01Loss 2.4%3,445 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2019-01-01Loss 0.6%953 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2019-07-01Loss 0.1%149 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2020-01-01Loss 0.3%592 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2020-07-01Loss 2.2%4,540 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2021-01-01Loss 2.6%5,612 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2021-07-01Loss 0.1%296 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2022-01-01Loss 0.6%1,376 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2022-07-01Loss 0.7%1,750 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2023-01-01Loss 6.4%18,311 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2023-07-01Loss 4.9%14,170 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2024-01-01Loss 7.3%21,810 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2024-07-01Loss 5.2%15,711 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2025-01-01Loss 10.1%31,473 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2025-07-01Loss 28.5%87,806 removed · 0 added PWRConfirmed candidate window: 2025-01-01 → 2026-07-01
  • 2026-01-01Loss 41.5%106,620 removed · 0 added PWRConfirmed candidate window: 2025-01-01 → 2026-07-01
  • 2026-07-01Loss 61.0%117,205 removed · 0 added PWRConfirmed candidate window: 2025-01-01 → 2026-07-01
BeforeAfterDurable changePWR massDurationEvidence
2025-07-15T17:38:17Z2025-07-15T18:22:34Z87.7% durable-spine drop311,63144 minutesView redline

Exact-event attribution: revisions 1300661489 → 1300666578

602 tokensOne tracked unit of text, usually a word or punctuation mark. removed · 569 surviving replacement tokens · Mariamnei was associated with 100.0% of removals · Mariamnei was the origin author of 100.0% of surviving replacement text.

Attribution describes public revision-history associations and origin authorship. It does not establish bias, motive, or misconduct.

Which words grew or shrank?

Words that became more common or less common between the compared versions. Handy for noticing a shift in topic or tone — not a score of bias.

Comparing 2025-01-01 -> 2025-07-01 (around L1 pivot ~2025-01-01). Rough word count: 5,835 → 7,878. Overall: wording shifted a little.

Used more afterward

  • control0 → 5
  • imperial0 → 5
  • reflected0 → 5
  • whose0 → 5
  • conditions0 → 4
  • devastating0 → 4
  • figure0 → 4
  • hopes0 → 4
  • limited0 → 4
  • lost0 → 4
  • presents0 → 4
  • shaped0 → 4

Used less afterward

  • electrum5 → 0
  • art3 → 0
  • bce3 → 0
  • colonia3 → 0
  • ejournals3 → 0
  • majority3 → 0
  • proximate3 → 0
  • fact4 → 1
  • results4 → 1
  • julian6 → 2
  • accepted3 → 1
  • aqraba3 → 1

These are the standout words, not a full dictionary of the article. Boring markup words are filtered out. Treat this as a hint, not a conclusion.

How the footnotes changed

How the article's own footnotes changed across the rewrite: which websites and books were cited more or less. We only show the mix — we do not rate sources as good or bad.

Looking at 2025-01-01 → 2026-07-01 (across the L1 pivot ~2025-01-01): 15 websites were cited more (or newly), 32 less (or dropped). Number of footnotes: 183 → 8. Different websites: 40 → 23.

Mix of citation types: book 51%, web 25%, journal 21%, news 3%book 73%, journal 27%, web 1%.

cited more oftenbefore → after
cambridge.org0 → 8
jstor.org7 → 14
doi.org1 → 6
brill.com1 → 5
academic.oup.com0 → 3
mohrsiebeck.com1 → 3
yalebooks.yale.edu0 → 2
hup.harvard.edu0 → 1
d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net0 → 1
researchgate.net1 → 2
degruyterbrill.com0 → 1
ruj.uj.edu.pl0 → 1
cited less oftenbefore → after
books.google.com24 → 5
lisa.biu.ac.il4 → 0
livius.org7 → 3
ejournals.eu3 → 0
rsy-netzer.org.uk2 → 0
fordham.edu2 → 0
halakhah.com2 → 0
mechon-mamre.org2 → 0
dtorah.com2 → 0
oxfordre.com2 → 0
jpost.com2 → 0
sefaria.org2 → 0

Counted from the article’s own footnotes. We list domains only — we do not call any source trustworthy or untrustworthy.

Cross-language lead comparison

How the opening of the article presents the topic in different languages. Disagreement is a reason to read carefully, not a final answer.

Across this window, the EN, AR, DE, and HE lead texts were unchanged verbatim (no textual edits within the compared revisions), while FA underwent a substantial rewrite that added several paragraphs closely paralleling EN's structure (resentment after 70 AD, Aelia Capitolina, circumcision ban, Betar, consequences) while retaining its older paragraph about mass killings and expulsion. No genuine new divergence was introduced by EN itself since its text is identical before/after; the flagged differences are long-standing cross-edition differences (e.g., casualty figures, unmentioned religious prohibitions, Christianity-Judaism divide) that persisted through this period rather than emerging from an EN edit. FA's revision represents convergence toward the EN framing without resolving all divergences.

Compared matched historical revisions around the confirmed rewrite from 2025-01-01 to 2026-07-01.

Languages compared: en, ar, he, de, fa.

Version receipts: en: en before / en after · ar: ar before / ar after · he: he before / he after · de: de before / de after · fa: fa before / fa after

topichow they compareEnglish changeother language(s) changelanguages
Casualty figures: scale of deathsdifference persistedBefore: Ancient and contemporary sources estimate that hundreds of thousands were killed, while many others were enslaved or exiled.
“Ancient and contemporary sources estimate that hundreds of thousands were killed”
After: Ancient and contemporary sources estimate that hundreds of thousands were killed, while many others were enslaved or exiled.
“Ancient and contemporary sources estimate that hundreds of thousands were killed”
Before: רבבות, אם לא מאות אלפי מורדים ואזרחים יהודיים נהרגו במהלך דיכוי המרד
“רבבות, אם לא מאות אלפי מורדים ואזרחים יהודיים נהרגו”
After: רבבות, אם לא מאות אלפי מורדים ואזרחים יהודיים נהרגו במהלך דיכוי המרד
“רבבות, אם לא מאות אלפי מורדים ואזרחים יהודיים נהרגו”
AR, DE, HE, FA
Cause of revolt: circumcision ban and Aelia Capitolina as triggersdifference persistedBefore: as well as a possible ban on circumcision, a central Jewish practice
“as well as a possible ban on circumcision, a central Jewish practice”
After: as well as a possible ban on circumcision, a central Jewish practice
“as well as a possible ban on circumcision, a central Jewish practice”
Before: die Kolonie Aelia Capitolina gegründet. Die Planungen für den Aufstand begannen, bald nachdem der Kaiser die Region verlassen hatte.
“no quotation”
After: die Kolonie Aelia Capitolina gegründet. Die Planungen für den Aufstand begannen, bald nachdem der Kaiser die Region verlassen hatte.
“no quotation”
DE, HE, AR
Religious prohibitions after the revolt (Sabbath, circumcision, Jerusalem entry restriction)difference persistedBefore: The Romans imposed harsh religious prohibitions, including bans on circumcision and Sabbath observance, expelled Jews from Jerusalem, restricted their entry to one annual visit, and repopulated the city with foreigners.
“bans on circumcision and Sabbath observance”
After: The Romans imposed harsh religious prohibitions, including bans on circumcision and Sabbath observance, expelled Jews from Jerusalem, restricted their entry to one annual visit, and repopulated the city with foreigners.
“bans on circumcision and Sabbath observance”
Before: Ihr Landbesitz fiel an den kaiserlichen Fiskus und wurde teils verkauft, teils an Veteranen vergeben.
“no quotation”
After: Ihr Landbesitz fiel an den kaiserlichen Fiskus und wurde teils verkauft, teils an Veteranen vergeben.
“no quotation”
DE, HE, AR
FA lead restructured to closely mirror EN narrativeEnglish convergedBefore: Resentment toward Roman rule in Judaea and nationalistic aspirations remained high following the destruction of Jerusalem during the First Jewish Revolt in 70 AD.
“Resentment toward Roman rule in Judaea and nationalistic aspirations remained high following the destruction of Jerusalem during the First Jewish Revolt in 70 AD.”
After: Resentment toward Roman rule in Judaea and nationalistic aspirations remained high following the destruction of Jerusalem during the First Jewish Revolt in 70 AD.
“Resentment toward Roman rule in Judaea and nationalistic aspirations remained high following the destruction of Jerusalem during the First Jewish Revolt in 70 AD.”
Before: درگیری به دلیل مسائل سیاسی و مذهبی رخ داد. شمعون بارکوخبا که توسط یهودیان به عنوان مسیحا شناخته می‌شد رهبر شورشیان بود
“درگیری به دلیل مسائل سیاسی و مذهبی رخ داد.”
After: نارضایتی از حکومت روم در یهودیه و آرمان‌های ملی‌گرایانه پس از ویرانی اورشلیم در جریان شورش بزرگ یهود در سال ۷۰ میلادی همچنان بسیار شدید باقی ماند.
“نارضایتی از حکومت روم در یهودیه و آرمان‌های ملی‌گرایانه پس از ویرانی اورشلیم در جریان شورش بزرگ یهود در سال ۷۰ میلادی همچنان بسیار شدید باقی ماند.”
FA
Deepening divide between Judaism and early Christianitydifference persistedBefore: The divide between Judaism and early Christianity also deepened.
“The divide between Judaism and early Christianity also deepened.”
After: The divide between Judaism and early Christianity also deepened.
“The divide between Judaism and early Christianity also deepened.”
Before: המרכז הרוחני, הדמוגרפי והתרבותי של יהדות ארץ ישראל נדד אל הגליל
“no quotation”
After: המרכז הרוחני, הדמוגרפי והתרבותי של יהדות ארץ ישראל נדד אל הגליל
“no quotation”
HE, DE, AR

Differences are invitations to read both sides — not a score of who is right.

Do the languages agree on basic facts?

Simple factual questions checked in several languages. Editions may agree, differ, contradict, or not say enough to tell. That is not a claim about who is right.

On the latest check, 3 questions produced: 0 contradict · 0 compatible difference · 2 agree · 1 not enough said.

questiontoday
Approximately how many Jewish casualties resulted from the Bar Kokhba revolt?agree
Both cite huge losses; he gives a broader range (tens to hundreds of thousands) overlapping with en's hundreds of thousands.
What were the revolt's consequences for the Jewish population of Judea?agree
Both describe near-total depopulation, destruction, and demographic shift, though phrased differently.
Did the Romans rename the province after the revolt, and to what name?not enough said
he does not mention the renaming, so cross-edition comparison is inconclusive.

These checks are starting points for a reader. They do not decide who is right.

Versions we used

These are the exact public Wikipedia versions behind the checks on this page. Open any link to read the original. Wikidata item: Q334502.

languagecomparison pointarticle titleversionwhentext used (chars)
enbeforeBar Kokhba Revoltopen version 13006614892025-07-15T17:38:17Z2,986
enafterBar Kokhba Revoltopen version 13006665782025-07-15T18:22:34Z2,986
arbeforeثورة بار كوخباopen version 711563152025-06-21T21:37:22Z3,000
arafterثورة بار كوخباopen version 718970942025-08-30T10:02:05Z3,000
hebeforeמרד בר כוכבאopen version 412497902025-06-16T23:30:21Z2,239
heafterמרד בר כוכבאopen version 416900992025-08-20T08:28:16Z2,239
debeforeBar-Kochba-Aufstandopen version 2570285762025-06-15T22:55:36Z2,982
deafterBar-Kochba-Aufstandopen version 2585412572025-08-03T08:27:51Z2,982
fabeforeشورش بارکوخباopen version 421432412025-06-25T00:09:41Z1,090
faafterشورش بارکوخباopen version 427187382025-09-16T09:43:58Z3,000