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Israel–Palestine

UNRWA

1 confirmed rewrite episode; the largest by persistence-weighted mass had a 34.3% durable-spine drop. Wording shifted a little.

Something to inspect — not a judgment of bias or bad faith.

Overview

Use this briefing to choose what to inspect. The tabs contain the underlying comparisons.

Open the live English Wikipedia article ↗
Confirmed rewrite episodes
1 confirmed

Largest by persistence-weighted mass: 34.3% durable-spine drop. See Rewrite for exact revision receipts.

Wording
wording shifted a little

Which words grew or shrank is listed under Vocabulary.

Footnotes
84 sites grew · 26 shrank

Different websites cited: 59 → 91. We do not rate those sites. See Citations.

Basic facts across languages
1 compatible difference · 2 agree

3 configured questions checked in more than one language. See Facts.

How openings sound
3 clear differences

Compared around the rewrite window. See Framing.

How this page turned up. Large deletions on Zionism pointed investigators here. This article was then checked on its own history — being on that trail does not, by itself, mean anything is wrong.

Did editors fight over it?

How much did editors fight over it?
little edit fighting

The page was not dominated by back-and-forth undoing. A quiet rewrite can still matter — it just means few people fought it on the page. About 1,877 recorded revisions in the measure.

Who wrote today’s text?

Half of the wording still on the page is about 5.9 years old or newer. 42.5% was written in the last 3 years. The ten most active accounts wrote 53.6% of what is there now (authorship is more spread out; 302 different accounts overall). Snapshot data on this page runs through 2026-07-01.This is background only — a small group of writers is common on specialist pages.

Available evidence: Rewrite, Vocabulary, Citations, Framing, Facts, Versions.

1 confirmed rewrite episodeA bounded window in which established wording was substantially replaced.

Events bounded by stable revisions where long-lived wording was substantially replaced.

Snapshot corpus through 2026-07-01 (revision 1357185096).

Persistence-weighted changeThe share of wording lost, weighted so text that survived more snapshots counts more. by interval

Each row reports established wording lost, standing wording gained, and paired change as a replacement lead. The bar shows loss for continuity with earlier reports. Below-floor anomalies remain descriptive evidence but cannot receive exact confirmation. A coverage gap is shown descriptively but excluded from detector decisions. Candidate-window labels report the exact revision-level decision for the broader window containing that interval.

How the detector reached this state

  1. 1 · Coarse scanA snapshot comparison that finds candidate windows for closer inspection.Candidate signal foundThe coarse scan found a deletion-heavy window worth exact checking.
  2. 2 · Interval scoring47 intervals scoredThe bars below show persistence-weighted wording loss for each interval.
  3. 3 · Exact checkA revision-level test of whether a candidate window's durable spine collapsed.1 rewrite episode confirmedRevision-level checking found the required durable wording replacement.
  • 2003-01-01Loss 1.8%4 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2004-01-01Loss 1.0%5 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2004-07-01Loss 9.3%73 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2005-01-01Loss 27.6%408 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2005-07-01Loss 36.0%1,319 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2006-01-01Loss 1.5%129 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2006-07-01Loss 1.3%195 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2007-01-01Loss 0.3%58 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2007-07-01Loss 3.1%878 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2008-01-01Loss 2.7%925 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2008-07-01Loss 13.6%5,574 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2009-01-01Loss 2.4%1,070 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2009-07-01Loss 4.3%2,200 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2010-01-01Loss 1.9%1,161 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2010-07-01Loss 1.9%1,323 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2011-01-01Loss 2.0%1,641 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2011-07-01Loss 0.4%404 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2012-01-01Loss 7.3%7,723 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2012-07-01Loss 1.1%1,265 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2013-01-01Loss 0.9%1,143 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2013-07-01Loss 1.7%2,427 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2014-01-01Loss 0.9%1,444 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2014-07-01Loss 0.1%87 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2015-01-01Loss 36.9%68,811 removed · 0 added PWRConfirmed candidate window: 2014-07-01 → 2015-01-01
  • 2015-07-01Loss 3.9%5,442 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2016-01-01Loss 0.1%169 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2016-07-01Loss 1.1%2,128 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2017-01-01Loss 0.3%663 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2017-07-01Loss 3.9%9,058 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2018-01-01Loss 0.0%88 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2018-07-01Loss 1.1%3,191 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2019-01-01Loss 0.8%2,501 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2019-07-01Loss 0.3%998 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2020-01-01Loss 1.0%3,521 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2020-07-01Loss 0.4%1,501 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2021-01-01Loss 11.3%47,288 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2021-07-01Loss 1.5%6,021 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2022-01-01Loss 0.1%252 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2022-07-01Loss 0.3%1,251 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2023-01-01Loss 0.0%100 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2023-07-01Loss 0.2%853 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2024-01-01Loss 8.4%47,978 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2024-07-01Loss 6.1%34,284 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2025-01-01Loss 24.4%140,674 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2025-07-01Loss 0.5%2,124 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2026-01-01Loss 4.2%21,347 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
  • 2026-07-01Loss 0.3%1,533 removed · 0 added PWRMeasured: no anomaly threshold crossed
BeforeAfterDurable changePWR massDurationEvidence
2014-08-25T17:38:50Z2014-08-25T17:57:57Z34.3% durable-spine drop68,81119 minutesView redline

Exact-event attribution: revisions 622769287 → 622771670

689 tokensOne tracked unit of text, usually a word or punctuation mark. removed · 209 surviving replacement tokens · Dian Kjaergaard was associated with 100.0% of removals · Dian Kjaergaard was the origin author of 100.0% of surviving replacement text.

Attribution describes public revision-history associations and origin authorship. It does not establish bias, motive, or misconduct.

Which words grew or shrank?

Words that became more common or less common between the compared versions. Handy for noticing a shift in topic or tone — not a score of bias.

Comparing 2014-07-01 -> 2015-01-01 (around L1 pivot ~2014-07-01). Rough word count: 5,141 → 6,293. Overall: wording shifted a little.

Used more afterward

  • date0 → 17
  • accessed0 → 14
  • mopan0 → 10
  • page0 → 8
  • retrieved0 → 8
  • update0 → 7
  • examples0 → 6
  • pages0 → 6
  • sub0 → 6
  • elections0 → 5
  • problem0 → 5
  • related0 → 5

Used less afterward

  • lending5 → 0
  • businesses4 → 0
  • enterprise4 → 0
  • household4 → 0
  • kilograms4 → 0
  • rocket4 → 0
  • amendment3 → 0
  • clients3 → 0
  • economy3 → 0
  • expand3 → 0
  • formal3 → 0
  • growth3 → 0

These are the standout words, not a full dictionary of the article. Boring markup words are filtered out. Treat this as a hint, not a conclusion.

How the footnotes changed

How the article's own footnotes changed across the rewrite: which websites and books were cited more or less. We only show the mix — we do not rate sources as good or bad.

Looking at 2013-01-01 → 2026-07-01 (across the L1 pivot ~2014-07-01): 84 websites were cited more (or newly), 26 less (or dropped). Number of footnotes: 96 → 258. Different websites: 59 → 91.

Mix of citation types: web 56%, news 24%, book 16%, journal 4%web 78%, news 16%, journal 3%, book 2%, report 1%.

cited more oftenbefore → after
unrwa.org16 → 101
theguardian.com0 → 14
jpost.com2 → 15
timesofisrael.com1 → 11
un.org9 → 18
al-monitor.com0 → 8
mopanonline.org0 → 6
reuters.com0 → 6
aljazeera.com0 → 6
apnews.com0 → 5
middleeastmonitor.com0 → 4
nytimes.com1 → 5
cited less oftenbefore → after
fr.jpost.com6 → 2
ochaopt.org2 → 0
news.bbc.co.uk4 → 2
books.google.com.au1 → 0
euobserver.com1 → 0
m.theglobeandmail.com1 → 0
cbsnews.com1 → 0
jta.org3 → 2
ynet.co.il1 → 0
fao.org1 → 0
edume.org1 → 0
facebook.com1 → 0

Counted from the article’s own footnotes. We list domains only — we do not call any source trustworthy or untrustworthy.

Cross-language lead comparison

How the opening of the article presents the topic in different languages. Disagreement is a reason to read carefully, not a final answer.

No edits occurred to the English lead's substantive content between the before and after revisions in this window (text identical), and the same holds for AR, DE, and HE leads, which also remained unchanged. Pre-existing cross-edition differences persisted throughout: the Arabic lead cites ~4.7 million refugees versus English's 5 million; the German lead omits refugee counts but adds headquarters history absent in English; and the Hebrew lead frames UNRWA's separation from UNHCR similarly to English but with less detail on numbers. No temporal divergence was introduced by English's edit in this window.

Compared matched historical revisions around the confirmed rewrite from 2014-07-01 to 2015-01-01.

Languages compared: en, ar, he, de.

Version receipts: en: en before / en after · ar: ar before / ar after · he: he before / he after · de: de before / de after

topichow they compareEnglish changeother language(s) changelanguages
Refugee count figuredifference persistedBefore: 5 million registered Palestinian refugees
“Today it provides education, health care, social services and military aid to 5 million registered Palestinian refugees”
After: 5 million registered Palestinian refugees
“Today it provides education, health care, social services and military aid to 5 million registered Palestinian refugees”
Before: حوالي 4.7 مليون لاجئ فلسطيني مسجلين
“لحوالي 4.7 مليون لاجئ فلسطيني مسجلين لديها”
After: حوالي 4.7 مليون لاجئ فلسطيني مسجلين
“لحوالي 4.7 مليون لاجئ فلسطيني مسجلين لديها”
AR
Relation to UNHCRdifference persistedBefore: It is separate from UNHCR...dedicated to aiding all refugees in the world
“no quotation”
After: It is separate from UNHCR...dedicated to aiding all refugees in the world
“no quotation”
Before: היא גוף של האומות המאוחדות שהוקם בנפרד מנציבות האו"ם לפליטים
“היא גוף של האומות המאוחדות שהוקם בנפרד מנציבות האו"ם לפליטים”
After: היא גוף של האומות המאוחדות שהוקם בנפרד מנציבות האו"ם לפליטים
“היא גוף של האומות המאוחדות שהוקם בנפרד מנציבות האו"ם לפליטים”
HE
Headquarters location detaildifference persistedBefore: [No mention of headquarters location]
“no quotation”
After: [No mention of headquarters location]
“no quotation”
Before: Der Hauptsitz des Hilfswerkes war zunächst Beirut, wurde 1978...nach Wien und 1996 weiter nach Gaza verlegt
“Der Hauptsitz des Hilfswerkes war zunächst Beirut, wurde 1978 aufgrund der Unruhen im Libanon nach Wien und 1996 weiter nach Gaza verlegt”
After: Der Hauptsitz des Hilfswerkes war zunächst Beirut, wurde 1978...nach Wien und 1996 weiter nach Gaza verlegt
“Der Hauptsitz des Hilfswerkes war zunächst Beirut, wurde 1978 aufgrund der Unruhen im Libanon nach Wien und 1996 weiter nach Gaza verlegt”
DE

Differences are invitations to read both sides — not a score of who is right.

Do the languages agree on basic facts?

Simple factual questions checked in several languages. Editions may agree, differ, contradict, or not say enough to tell. That is not a claim about who is right.

On the latest check, 3 questions produced: 0 contradict · 1 compatible difference · 2 agree · 0 not enough said.

questiontoday
In what year was UNRWA established, and by which body?agree
All editions agree: 1949, UN General Assembly, Resolution 302.
How does UNRWA define a 'Palestine refugee', and does that definition include descendants?differ
en and he give consistent definitions including descendants (he adds paternal line/adoption detail); ar states no definition given, which is insufficient rather than contradictory.
Which populations and territories does UNRWA's mandate cover?agree
All three list the same five areas: Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, West Bank (incl. East Jerusalem), Gaza Strip.

These checks are starting points for a reader. They do not decide who is right.

Versions we used

These are the exact public Wikipedia versions behind the checks on this page. Open any link to read the original. Wikidata item: Q846656.

languagecomparison pointarticle titleversionwhentext used (chars)
enbeforeUNRWAopen version 6227692872014-08-25T17:38:50Z1,417
enafterUNRWAopen version 6227716702014-08-25T17:57:57Z1,417
arbeforeوكالة الأمم المتحدة لإغاثة وتشغيل اللاجئين الفلسطينيينopen version 134319412014-06-29T12:17:52Z396
arafterوكالة الأمم المتحدة لإغاثة وتشغيل اللاجئين الفلسطينيينopen version 143272542014-11-04T16:17:40Z396
hebeforeאונר"אopen version 158647422014-08-22T15:10:34Z328
heafterאונר"אopen version 158934902014-08-29T19:56:17Z328
debeforeHilfswerk der Vereinten Nationen für Palästina-Flüchtlinge im Nahen Ostenopen version 1332921852014-08-21T04:55:41Z516
deafterHilfswerk der Vereinten Nationen für Palästina-Flüchtlinge im Nahen Ostenopen version 1427771972015-06-04T09:44:33Z516